In a world that relies more on mobile technology than ever, the development of faster, more power-efficient and more sophisticated smartphone components is more fevered than ever before, too. Arm is at the forefront of that development, and the company has just unveiled its next generation ARM CPU core designs that are going to define mobile computing in 2024. With the Cortex-X925, Cortex-A725 and Cortex-A520, Arm is showing us the bleeding edge of the Armv9.2 architecture, designed for manufacturing on the most advanced 3nm process nodes. It’s not just another step forward for smartphones and other personal electronics, it’s a leap.
Arm’s latest is the Cortex-X925, a monster of a mobile CPU that replaces the Cortex-X4 as the new flagship core. Boasting clock speeds of up to 3.8 GHz, the X925 comes with a slew of architectural improvements that are designed to let it pass its predecessor like a storm surge. The X925 doubles the bandwidth of the L1 instruction and data cache in response to workloads that demand more data, doubles the size of the instruction window, and improves prefetching and branch prediction, among other updates. In Geek Bench, the overall X925 scores a 36 per cent bump in peak single-core performance and a 30 per cent boost in performance across a suite of diverse workloads. Next-generation phones are going to become as fast as ever.
Not to be outdone, the Cortex-A725 and Cortex-A520 cores form the spine of mid-range and entry-level gadgets, respectively. The A725 kicks things up a notch by up to 25 per cent in power efficiency over predecessors, with the A520 pitching itself as Arm’s most energy-efficient core yet at a 15 per cent efficiency hike. They both feature optimisations for the 3nm process as well, which means that low-end phones or tablets would be just as cutting edge, thanks to the latest technological subtleties.
Arm’s latest fresh-from-the-drawing-board CPU clusters can be configured in sets of up to 14 cores, with its top-of-the-line partner for compute-intensive applications being the X925. Its sophisticated cluster-control architecture and generous L2 cache allocations (up to 3MB for the X925 and 1MB for the A725), all designed to maximise performance, exemplify Arm’s drive to improve performance while minimising energy consumption.
The Immortalis-G925 GPU, designed to improve machine learning in games and graphical applications, is the additional speed boost to the CPU breakthrough. It, too, was made for use with the 3nm process, and with over 30 per cent better performance than predecessors, is poised to usher in new standards for graphic capabilities on the phone.
Arm’s novel approach has begun to reach beyond pure design, and is now incorporating pre-baked physical implementations: general-purpose designs that can be easily plugged into a system-on-chip (SoC) architecture, a step that helps to shorten the path from concept to market-ready silicon. Manufacturing the four chips with 3nm processes represents a clear message that Arm is thinking deeply about the needs of future mobile computing.
Arm’s Cortex-X925, Cortex-A725 and Cortex-A520 CPU cores stand at the vanguard of new-generation smartphone development technologies as we head into this transition phase. Inside them, Arm cores will lead to phones able to process information faster than ever before, while the computing and gaming features that used to be the privilege of powerful computers will eventually reach smartphones. Combine these Arm cores with the best next-generation manufacturing processes and the future of mobile phones will have arrived to meet the demands of an increasingly insatiable global audience.
Phones are smarter than ever, becoming personal assistants, entertainers and portals to the digital universe. Within the processor that runs them, Arm’s new CPU design lies at the heart of this revolution, driving new generations of low-power, super-fast processors, using the very latest 3nm process and advanced core architectures. In the coming years, I expect to see the deployment of these cores, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible by making tomorrow’s phones smarter, faster, and more energy-efficient than ever before, with longer battery life and better performance. Watch this space – I’m excited about what we’ll see next, ushering in a new chapter in the saga of smartphone evolution.
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